How to Develop Servlets - How to save and compile a servlet
(Page 4 of 4 )
In chapter 4, you learned how to save and compile regular Java classes in Tomcat. Now, figure 5-4 shows you how to save and compile servlet classes.
Since the EmailServlet class contains a package statement that specifies a package named email5, it must be placed in the email5 subdirectory of the WEB-INF\classes directory that is subordinate to the document root directory. For the book applications, this root directory is webapps\murach.
This figure also presents four other directory paths that you can use to store your servlet classes. All of these paths store the servlet classes in the WEB-INF\classes directory that’s subordinate to the document root directory. That can be your own document root directory or the default document root directory (ROOT) that’s provided by Tomcat 4.0. Then, if you use packages, you continue the directory structure with one directory for each package level. If, for example, you use a class named EmailServlet in a package named business.email, the directory path for the servlet must be WEB-INF\classes\business\email.
If you’re using TextPad to save and compile your servlets, you will need to set your classpath so it includes the directory that contains your class files as described in appendix A. Then, TextPad’s Compile Java command will work properly.
Otherwise, you can use a DOS prompt to compile your packaged classes. To do that, you use the cd command to change the current directory to the WEB-INF\classes directory for your application. Then, you use the javac command to compile the class. When you do that, you can enter the javac command, followed by a space, followed by the package name, followed by a backslash (\), followed by the name of the Java class.
Where the EmailServlet class is saved c:\tomcat\webapps\murach\WEB-INF\classes\email5
Other places to save your servlet classes
c:\tomcat\webapps\yourDocumentRoot\ WEB-INF\classes\packageName
c:\tomcat\webapps\yourDocumentRoot\ WEB-INF\classes\
c:\tomcat\webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\classes\
c:\tomcat\webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\classes\packageName
The TextPad dialog box for saving Java files
Figure 5-4. How to save and compile a servlet
The DOS prompt window for compiling the EmailServlet class
Description
- Although you can save the source code (.java file) for a servlet in any directory, you must save the compiled class (.class file) in the \WEB-INF\classes subdirectory of the document root directory or in a subdirectory that corresponds to the Java package that the class is in.
- For simplicity, you can store your servlet source files in the same directory as the corresponding class files, but the source files for a production application are likely to be stored in other directories.
- To compile your servlets, you can use TextPad’s Compile Java command, your IDE’s compile command, or the javac command from a DOS prompt window.
Please check back next week for the continuation of this article.
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 This article is excerpted from chapter five of the book Murach's Java Servlets and JSP, written by Andrea Steelman and Joel Murach (Murach; ISBN: 1890774189). Check it out today at your favorite bookstore. Buy this book now.
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