Introducing Hibernate - Hibernate in the Real World
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Now that all the required introductions are over, we can get into a real world example. The requirement is to retrieve data from the Orders table. The SQL statement required to set up the table is:
CREATE TABLE ORDERS(
ID VARCHAR NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
ORDER_DATE TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
PRICE_TOTAL DOUBLE NOT NULL);
The next step is to create the persistence class:
package com.someorg.persist;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Order {
private String id;
private Date date;
private double priceTotal;
// Automatically set the creation time of
// this Order
public Order() {
this.date = new Date();
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String string) {
id = string;
}
// other getters/setters not shown for
// brevity
// ...
}
It is obvious from the above code that the persistence class is just a JavaBean. Next, the hbm file is created. Here is the hbm file. The name of the file is Order.hbm.xml.
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping default-cascade="none" default-access="property" auto-import="true">
<class name=" com.someorg.persist.Order" table="orders" mutable="true" select- before-update="false" optimistic-lock="version">
<id name="id" type="string" unsaved-value="null">
<column name="id" sql-type="char(32)" not-null="true" />
<generator class="assigned" />
</id>
<property name="date" not-null="false" >
<column name="order_date" sql-type="datetime" not-null="true" />
</property>
<property name="priceTotal" not-null="false" >
<column name="price_total" sql-type="double" not-null="true" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
All the instance variables have been mapped using the property element. Now it is time for the configuration file:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class"> oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver </property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:
1521:orcl </property>
<property name="connection.username">scott</property>
<property name="connection.password">tiger</property>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
<property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect </property>
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<mapping resource=" com/someorg/persist/Event.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
It declares that this application will be connecting to the Oracle database. All other parameters are set accordingly, and are self explanatory.
Now it is time to test our setup.
package test;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.someorg.persist.Order;
// use as
// java test. FindOrderById name
public class FindOrderById {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// query to issue
String query =
"select order from Order "
+ "where order.id=:id";
// search for what?
String name = args[0];
// init
Configuration cfg = new Configuration()
.addClass(Order.class);
SessionFactory sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
// open session
Session sess = sf.openSession();
// search and return
List list = sess.find(query, id,
Hibernate.STRING);
if (list.size() == 0) {
System.out.println("No Order having id "
+ id);
System.exit(0);
}
Order o = (Order) list.get(0);
sess.close();
System.out.println("Found Order: " + p);
}
}
This class retrieves the Order corresponding to the id provided. First it builds a configuration based on the class name. Then SessionFactory’s instance is created from the instance of Configuration. Then a new Session is opened using the openSession() method of the SessionFactory instance. Then the find method of Session is used to retrieve the object corresponding to the id. The zeroth element of the List instance gives the object. This object is the representation of the row corresponding to the id.
That brings us to the end of the first part of this series. In this part I have left many questions unanswered including the architecture of Hibernate and the core classes of the Hibernate. These will be covered in the next part. Until next time.
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