DIV Based Layout with CSS - The mighty DIV tag
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According to the O’Reilly HTML Reference, “the DIV element gives structure and context to any block-level content in the document. Each DIV element becomes a generic block-level container for all content within the required start and end tags.” As we can see, the DIV tag is a powerful generic element well suited for being used as a container within our Web page. This turns it into a good candidate for creating sections or divisions (hence "DIV") of Web documents.
The concept is very intuitive. Instead of using tables as layout elements, we are going to take advantage of DIVS as excellent content containers to build our page layout. In conjunction with several CSS declarations, DIVS based layout are pretty easy to get.
Before we explain any further, two general categories used for Web page design must be clearly differentiated: “fixed” and “liquid" design. When referring to “fixed” design, we are talking about a Web page that has “fixed” dimensions. Widths (and optionally, heights) for each container element are assigned normally in pixels.
The final result of this approach is that Web pages are displayed with a determined “fixed” size, and they don’t “expand” to cover all the space in the computer monitor. Many “big” websites currently use this technique for achieving a consistent look and size across several user screen resolutions.
On the other hand, Web pages built over a “liquid” design principle will display as “elastic” documents, expanding as needed according to different monitor resolutions. Normally, dimensions for any container element are expressed in a percentage. “Liquid design,” when used properly, looks much more professional and takes one step further the definition that conceives a Web page as an “elastic” element, not a desktop document.
With all of these basic concepts out of the way, we will see different approaches for page layouts, depending on whether we follow a “fixed” design or a “liquid” design pattern.
Next: Fixed layout design with fixed boxes >>
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