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DIV Based Layout with CSS


Most Web page designers use a table-based layout to achieve a coherent and consistent look. There's a different way to achieve the same look. Using CSS and DIV tags reduces markup code, speeds up page downloads, separates content from its visual presentation, and brings your code closer to Web standards compliance--all while making your website more appealing to search engine spiders. Alejandro Gervasio explains how it's done, with copious examples.

Author Info:
By: Alejandro Gervasio
Rating: 4 stars4 stars4 stars4 stars4 stars / 641
December 21, 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. · DIV Based Layout with CSS
  2. · The table-based approach
  3. · The mighty DIV tag
  4. · Fixed layout design with fixed boxes
  5. · Three-column fixed layout
  6. · Fixed layout design with floating boxes
  7. · Adding a right column
  8. · Liquid design with floating boxes
  9. · Three-column liquid layout with floating boxes

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DIV Based Layout with CSS - Fixed layout design with fixed boxes
(Page 4 of 9 )

Now, it’s time to build a basic two-column layout with fixed sizes.

Here is the code for styling our DIVS:

<style type="text/css">
<!--
#header {
  background: #0f0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0px;
  left: 0px;
  width: 800px;
  height: 100px;
}
#leftcol {
  background: #f00;
  position: absolute;
top: 100px;
  left: 0px;
  width: 150px;
  height: 500px;
}
#content {
  background: #fff;
  position: absolute;
  top: 100px;
left: 150px;
  width: 700px;
  height: 500px;
}
#footer {
  background: #0f0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 500px;
  left: 0px;
  width: 800px;
  height: 100px;
}
-->
</style>

And here’s the HTML code:

<div id="header">Header Section</div>
<div id="leftcol">Left Section</div>
<div id="content">Content Section</div>
<div id="footer">Footer Section</div>

The complete code is as follows:

<html>
<head>
<title>TWO-COLUM FIXED LAYOUT WITH FIXED BOXES</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
#header {
  background: #0f0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0px;
  left: 0px;
  width: 800px;
  height: 100px;
}
#leftcol {
  background: #f00;
  position: absolute;
  top: 100px;
left: 0px;
  width: 150px;
  height: 500px;
}
#content {
  background: #fff;
  position: absolute;
  top: 100px;
left: 150px;
  width: 650px;
  height: 500px;
}
#footer {
  background: #0f0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 500px;
  left: 0px;
  width: 800px;
  height: 100px;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="header">Header Section</div>
<div id="leftcol">Left Section</div>
<div id="content">Content Section</div>
<div id="footer">Footer Section</div>
</body>
</html>

Let’s see what’s happening here. We have given fixed dimensions and absolute positions to all our DIVS. Widths and heights are expressed in pixels, as well as top and left coordinates.

For the sake of this article, CSS code is within the same Web page, but it should always be attached as an external file. Please remember, separating content from visual presentation is a key concept that makes websites easily maintainable and accessible. The visual output for the code is the following:

DIV Based Layout with CSS


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